• Name appropriate apparatus for the measurement of time, temperature, mass and volume, including burettes, pipettes and measuring cylinders
• Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of paper chromatography
• Interpret simple chromatograms
• Identify substances and assess their purity from melting point and boiling point information
• Understand the importance of purity in substances in everyday life, e.g. foodstuffs and drugs
• Interpret simple chromatograms, including the use of Rf values
• Outline how chromatography techniques can be applied to colourless substances by exposing chromatograms to substances called locating agents. (Knowledge of specific locating agents is not required.)
• Describe and explain methods of purification by the use of a suitable solvent, filtration, crystallisation and distillation (including use of a fractionating column). (Refer to the fractional distillation of petroleum in section 14.2 and products of fermentation in section 14.6.)
• Suggest suitable purification techniques, given information