1. The binomial system of names for species is universal among biologists and has been agreed and developed at a series of congresses.
Outline the role of botanical and zoological congresses in the naming of plants and animals.
2. When species are discovered they are given scientific names using the binomial system.
Define binomial nomenclature.
State three rules of binomial nomenclature formatting.
3. Taxonomists classify species using a hierarchy of taxa.
Define taxon and taxonomist.
List the hierarchy of taxa, from largest to smallest.
4. All organisms are classified into three domains.
State the two groups of prokaryotes.
List the three domains of life.
Outline differences between the three domains of life.
Draw a tree diagram to illustrate the evolutionary relationship between organisms of the three domains.
5. The principal taxa for classifying eukaryotes are kingdom, phylum, class, order, family and genus and species.
List the four kingdoms of eukaryotes.
List the hierarchy of taxa, from largest to smallest.
6. In a natural classification, the genus and accompanying higher taxa consist of all the species that have evolved from one common ancestral species.
Define natural classification.
List two difficulties in determining the natural classification of species.
7. Taxonomists sometimes reclassify groups of species when new evidence shows that a previous taxon contains species that have evolved from different ancestral species.
List two situations in which the reclassification of a species may be necessary.
Outline an example of a species (or group of species) which were reclassified when new evidence was discovered.
8. Natural classification helps in identification of species and allows the prediction of characteristics shared by species within a group.
Explain two specific advantages of natural classification.
1. Classification of one plant and one animal species from domain to species level.
State the classification of a plant, from domain to species.
State the classification of an animal, from domain to species.
2. Recognition features of bryophyte, filicinophyta, coniferophyta, and angiospermophyta.
State the four major plant phyla.
Outline the differences between the four major plant phyla in regard to external recognition features.
Identify the phyla of plant given external recognition features.
3. Recognition features of porifera, cnidarian pletyhelmintha, annelida, Mollusca, arthropda and chordata.
State seven major animal phyla.
Outline the characteristics of seven major animal phyla.
Identify the phyla of animal given external recognition features.
4. Recognition of features of birds, mammals, amphibians, reptiles and fish.
Contrast chordate and vertebrate.
State five major classes of chordata.
Outline the characteristics of five major vertebrate classes.
Identify the vertebrate class of animal given external recognition features.
1. Construction of dichotomous keys for use in identifying specimens.
Explain the use of a dichotomous key in the identification of a specimen.
Create a dichotomous key given a sample of known specimens.
Cooperation and collaboration between groups of scientists- scientists use the binomial system to identify a species rather than the many different local names.
Outline why the binomial naming system is used in science rather than local names.
State the role of Carl Linnaeus in naming species.