• Vertical and horizontal trends in the periodic table exist for atomic radius, ionic

radius, ionization energy, electron affinity and electronegativity.

• Trends in metallic and non-metallic behaviour are due to the trends above.

• Oxides change from basic through amphoteric to acidic across a period.

• Prediction and explanation of the metallic and non-metallic behaviour of an element based on its position in the periodic table.

• Discussion of the similarities and differences in the properties of elements in

the same group, with reference to alkali metals (group 1) and halogens (group 17).

• Construction of equations to explain the pH changes for reactions of Na₂O, MgO, P₄O₁₀, and the oxides of nitrogen and sulfur with water.

• Only examples of general trends across periods and down groups are required. For ionization energy the discontinuities in the increase across a period should be covered.

• Group trends should include the treatment of the reactions of alkali metals with water, alkali metals with halogens and halogens with halide ions.